Nickel Alloys

ALLOY 400 (UNS N04400)
Typical Analysis
Ni + Co C Mn Fe S Si Cu
63 Min .3 Max 2.0 Max 2.5 Max .024 .5 Max 28-34
Characteristics
  • Nickel-copper alloy 400 is a solid-solution alloy that can be hardened only by cold working. It has high strength and toughness over a wide temperature range and excellent resistance to many corrosive environments.
Typical Applications
  • Alloy 400 is widely used in many fields, especially marine and chemical processing. Typical applications are valves and pumps; pump and propeller shafts; marine fixtures and fasteners; electrical and electronic components; springs; chemical processing equipment; gasoline and fresh water tanks; crude petroleum stills; process vessels and piping; boiler feed water heaters and other heat exchangers; and deaerating heaters.
ALLOY 400 (UNS N04400) Tensile Properties - Form and Condition
  • Nominal Room Temperature
Tensile
Strength

1000 psi
Yield
Strength

1000 psi
Elongation % Hardness
Brinell

(3000 kg)
Hardness
Rockwell B
Rod and Bar
Annealed 75-90 25-50 60-35 110-149 60-80
Hot-Finished (except Hexagons over 2 1/8" & Angles) 80-110 40-100 60-30 140-241 75-100
Hot-Finished Hexagons over 2" and Angles 75-100 30-55 50-30 130-184 72-90
Cold-Drawn, Stress-Relieved 75-100 30-55 50-30 130-184 72-90
Plate
Hot-Rolled, As-Rolled 75-97 40-75 45-30 125-215 70-96
Hot-Rolled, Annealed 70-85 28-50 50-35 110-140 60-76
Sheet
Annealed 70-85 30-45 45-35 - 65-80
Cold-Rolled, Hard 100-120 90-110 15-2 - 93 mina
Strip Cold-Rolled
Annealed 70-85 25-45 55-35 - 68 mina
Cold-Rolled, Hard 100-140 90-130 15-2 - 98 mina
Tube and Pipe, Seamless
Cold-Drawn, Annealed 70-85 25-45 50-35 - 75 mina
Cold-Drawn, Stress-Relieved 85-120 55-100 35-15 - 85-100a
Heat-Exchanger, Annealed 70-85 28-45 50-35 - 75 maxa
Heat-Exchanger, Stress-Relieved 85-105 55-90 35-15 - 85-97a
Hot-Extrude -b -b -b -b -b
No. 1 Temper (Annealed) 85 max 30-45 45-30 - 73 maxa
No. 2 Temper (Half Hard) 85-105 55-80 30-10 - 75-97a
No. 3 Temper (Full-Hard) 110-130 90-110 10-3 - 95-27c
Wire-Cold-Drawn
Annealed 70-95 30-55 45-25 - -
No. 1 Temper 85-100 50-75 30-20 - -
Quarter Hard 95-120 65-95 25-15 - -
Half Hard 110-135 85-120 15-8 - -
Three Quarter Hard 125-150 100-135 8-5 - -
Full Hard - Spring Temper 145-180 125-170 5-2 - -

a. The ranges shown are composites for various product sizes and therefore are not suitable for specification purposes. Hardness values are suitable. For specification purposes providing tensile properties are not also specified.

b. Properties on request.

c. Properties shown are for sizes from 0.032 to 0.250 in diameter. Properties for other sizes may vary from these.

ALLOY 400 (UNS N04400) Impact Strength (Charpy V-Notch) (ft-lb)
Temper 75°F -20°F -112°F -310°F
Hot-Rolled 219 - 213 196
Cold Drawn, Annealed 216 212 219 212
Weld as Welded 78 - - 73

500

ALLOY 500 (UNS N05500)
Typical Analysis
Ni + Co C Mn Fe S Si Cu Al Ti
63 Min .25 Max 1.5 Max 2.0 Max .01 .5 Max 27-33 2.3-3.15 .35-.85
Characteristics
  • Nickel-copper alloy 500 combines the excellent corrosion resistance characteristic of alloy 400 with the added advantages of greater strength and hardness. The increased properties are obtained by adding aluminum and titanium to the nickel-copper base, and by heating under controlled conditions so that submicroscopic particles of Ni3 (Ti, Al) are precipitated throughout the matrix. The thermal processing used to effect precipitation is commonly called age hardening or aging.
  • The corrosion resistance of alloy 500 is substantially equivalent to that of alloy 400 except that, when in the age-hardened condition, alloy 500 has a greater tendency toward stress-corrosion cracking in some environments.
  • Alloy 500 has been found to be resistant to a sour-gas environment. After 6 days of continuous immersion in saturated (3500 ppm) hydrogen sulfide solutions at acidic and basic pH's (ranging from 1.0 to 11.0), U-bend specimens of age- hardened sheet showed no cracking. There was some tightly adherent black scale. Hardness of the specimens ranged from 28 to 40 Rc.
  • The combination of very low corrosion rates in high-velocity sea water and high strength make alloy 500 particularly suitable for shafts of centrifugal pumps in marine service. In stagnant or slow-moving water, fouling may occur followed by pitting, but this pitting slows down after a fairly rapid initial attack.
Typical Applications
  • Typical applications for alloy 500 are pump shafts and impellers; doctor blades and scrapers; oil well drill collars and instruments; electronic components; springs; and valve trim.
ALLOY 500 (UNS N05500) Tensile Properties - Form and Condition
  • Nominal Room Temperature
Tensile
Strength

1000 psi
Yield
Strength

1000 psi
Elongation % Hardness
Brinell

(3000 kg)
Hardness
Rockwell B
Rod and Bar
Hot-Finished 90-155 40-110 45-20 140-315 75B-35C
Hot-Finished, Agedb 140-190 100-150 30-20 265-346 27-38C
Hot-Finished, Annealed 90-110 40-60 45-25 140-185 75-90B
Hot-Finished, Annealed & Agedb 130-155 85-120 35-20 250-315 24-35C
Cold-Drawn, As - Drawn 100-140 70-125 35-13 175-260 88B-26C
Cold-Drawn, Agedb 135-185 95-160 30-15 255-370 25-41C
Cold-Drawn, Annealed 90-110 40-60 50-25 140-185 75-90B
Cold-Drawn, Annealed & Agedb 130-190 85-120 30-20 250-315 24-35C
Sheet, Cold-Rolled
Annealed 90-105 40-65 45-25 - 85B Max
Strip, Cold-Rolled
Annealed 90-105 90-105 90-105 - 85B max
Annealed and Agedb 130-170 130-170 130-170 - 24C min
Spring Temper 145-165 145-165 145-165 - 25C min
Spring Temper and Agedb 170-220 170-220 170-220 - 34C min
Tube and Pipe Seamless
Hot Finished -c -c -c -c -c
Cold-Drawn, Annealed 90-110 90-110 90-110 90-110 90-110
Cold-Drawn, and Agedb 130-180 130-180 130-180 130-180 130-180
Cold-Drawn, As-Drawn 110-160 110-160 110-160 110-160 110-160
Cold-Drawn, As-Drawn and Agedb 140-220 140-220 140-220 140-220 140-220
Plate
Hot Finished 90-135 90-135 90-135 90-135 90-135
Hot Finished and Agedb 140-180 140-180 140-180 140-180 140-180
Wire-Cold-Drawn
Annealed 80-110 80-110 80-110 80-110 80-110
Annealed and Agedb 120-150 120-150 120-150 120-150 120-150
Spring Temper 145-190 145-190 145-190 145-190 145-190
Spring Temper, Agedb 160-200 160-200 160-200 160-200 160-200

a. The ranges shown are composites for various product sizes and therefore are not suitable for specification purposes.

b. Nominal properties for material age-hardened to produce maximum properties.

c. Properties on request.

d. Properties shown are for sizes 0.0625-0.250-in. diameter. Properties for other sizes may vary from these.

C-22 Corrosion Resistant - Hastelloy®

ALLOY C-22 (UNS NO6022)
  • HASTELLOY® and HAYNES® are registered trademarks of Haynes International, Inc.
Typical Analysis
Ni Co Cr Mo W Fe Si Mn C V P S
Bal 2.5* 22 13 3 3 .08* .5* .01* .35* .02* .01*
*Maximum
Characteristics
  • Ni-22Cr-13Mo-3W-3Fe alloy with better overall corrosion resistance and versatility than any Ni-Cr-Mo alloy today. Outstanding resistance to localized corrosion, stress corrosion cracking and oxidizing and reducing chemicals.
Product Forms
  • HASTELLOY® alloy C-22 is available in the form of plate, sheet, strip, billet, bar, wire, covered electrodes, pipe and tubing.
  • Wrought forms of this alloy are furnished in the solution heat-treated condition unless otherwise specified.
Corrosion Resistance
  • HASTELLOY® alloy C-22 is a versatile nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy with better overall corrosion resistance than other Ni-Cr-Mo alloys available today, including HASTELLOY® alloys C-276 and C-4 and HAYNES alloy No. 625. C-22 alloy has outstanding resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion and stress-corrosion cracking. It has excellent resistance to oxidizing aqueous media including wet chlorine and mixtures containing nitric acid or oxidizing acids with chloride ions. Also, HASTELLOY® alloy C-22 has outstanding resistance to reducing aqueous media. Because of this versatility it can be used where "upset" conditions are likely to occur or in multipurpose plants.
  • HASTELLOY® alloy C-22 has exceptional resistance to a wide variety of chemical process environments, including strong oxidizers such as ferric and cupric chlorides, hot contaminated solutions (organic and inorganic), chlorine, formic and acetic acids, acetic anhydride, and seawater and brine solutions.
  • HASTELLOY® alloy C-22 resists the formation of grain-boundary precipitates in the weld heat-affected zone, thus making it suitable for most chemical process applications in the as-welded condition.
Fabrication
  • Heat Treatment: Wrought forms of HASTELLOY® alloy C-22 are furnished in the solution heat treated condition unless otherwise specified. The standard solution, heat-treatment consists of heating at 2050℉ (1121℃) followed by rapid air-cooling or water quenching. Parts which have been hot formed or severely cold formed should be solution heat-treated prior to final fabrication or installation.
  • Forming: C-22™ alloy has excellent forming characteristics and cold forming is the preferred method of forming. Because of its good ductility, it can be easily cold-worked. The alloy is stiffer than the austenitic stainless steels. Therefore, more energy is required during cold forming. More information, see H-2010 publication.
Applications
  • Some of the areas of present or potential use for C-22 alloy are:
    • Acetic Acid/Acetic Anhydride
    • Cellophane Manufacturing
    • Chlorine Spargers
    • Chlorination Systems
    • Circuit Board Etching Equipment
    • Complex Acid Mixtures
    • Fans and Blowers
    • Galvanizing Line Equipment
    • Gas Scrubber Systems
    • Geothermal Wells
    • HF Furnaces
    • Incineration Systems
    • Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing
    • Pesticide Production
    • Phosphoric Acid Applications
    • Pickling System Components
    • Plate Heat Exchangers
    • Selective Leaching Systems
    • SO2 Cooling Towers
    • Sulfonation Systems
    • Tubular Heat Exchangers
Field Test Program
  • Samples of C-22 Alloy are readily available for laboratory or inplant corrosion testing. Analysis of corrosion resistance of the tested material can also be performed and the results provided to the customer as a free technical service. Try testing HASTELLOY® alloy C-22.
Specifications
  • HASTELLOY® alloy C-22 is covered by ASME Section VIII, Division 1. Plate, sheet, strip, bar, tubing, and pipe are covered by ASME specifications SB-574, SB-575, SB-619, SB-622 and B-626 and by ASTM specifications B-574, B-575, B-619, B-622, and B-626. DIN specification is 17744 No. 2.4611 (all forms), TUV Werkstoffblatt 424 (all forms).
ALLOY C-22 (UNS NO6022) Tensile Properties - Form and Condition
  • Average tensile data, solution heat- treated
Test Temp ℉ (℃) Ultimate Tensile
Strength Ksi
Yield Strength at
0.2% offset, Ksi
Elongation in 2 in.
(50.8 mm), percent
Sheet 0.028-.0125 in. (0.71-3.2mm) thick Room

200 (93)

400 (204)

600 (316)

800 (427)

1000 (538)

1200 (649)

1400 (760)
116

110

102

98

95

91

85

76
59

54

44

42

41

40

36

35
57

58

57

62

67

61

65

63
Plate ¼"-¾" in. (6.4-19.1mm) thick Room

200 (93)

400 (204)

600 (316)

800 (427)

1000 (538)

1200 (649)

1400 (760)
114

107

98

95

92

88

83

76
54

49

41

36

35

34

32

31
62

65

66

68

68

67

69

68
ALLOY C-22 (UNS NO6022) Strength Properties - Condition - PLATE
  • Average impact strength
  • V-Notch Impact Strength
Room Temperature -320℉ (-196℃)
Condition ft.-lb J ft.-lb J
Heat-treated at 2050℉ (1121℃) Rapid Quenched 260* 353* 54 351*
Aged 100 hrs. at: 500℉ (260℃) - - 259* 351*
Aged 100 hrs. at: 100℉ (538℃) - - 259* 351*
Aged 100 hrs. at: 1000℉ (538℃) - - 87* 118*

*Specimens did not break

C-276 Corrosion Resistant - Hastelloy®

ALLOY C-276 (UNS N10276)
  • HASTELLOY® and HAYNES® are registered trademarks of Haynes International, Inc.
Typical Analysis
Ni Co Cr Mo W Fe Si Mn C V P S
Bal 2.5* 14.5
16.5
15-17 3-4.5 4-7 .08* .1* .01* .35* .025* .01*
*Maximum
Characteristics
  • Ni-1 6Cr-1 6Mo-6Fe-4W alloy, a highly versatile corrosion-resistant alloy. Excellent (N10276) resistance to oxidizing and reducing corrosives, acids, and chlorine-contaminated hydrocarbons.
Product Forms
  • HASTELLOY® alloy-276 is available in the form of plate, sheet, strip, billet, bar, wire, covered electrodes, pipe and tubing.
  • Available in Wrought Form
Corrosion Resistance
  • Outstanding Corrosion Resistance in the as-Welded Condition
  • HASTELLOY® alloy C-276 is a nickel-molybdenum-chromium wrought alloy that is generally considered the most versatile corrosion-resistant alloy available. Alloy C-276 is an improved wrought version of alloy C in that it usually doesn't need to be solution heat-treated after welding and has vastly improved fabricability. This alloy resists the formation of grain-boundary precipitates in the weld heat-affected zone, thus making it suitable for most chemical process applications in the as-welded condition.
  • Alloy C-276 has outstanding resistance to localized corrosion and to both oxidizing and reducing media. Because of its versatility, alloy C-276 can be used where "upset" conditions are likely to occur or in multipurpose plants.
  • HASTELLOY® alloy C-276 has exceptional resistance to a wide variety of chemical process environments, including strong oxidizers such as ferric and cupric chlorides, hot contaminated media (organic and inorganic), chlorine, formic and acetic acids, acetic anhydride, and seawater and brine solutions. It is used in flue gas desulfurization systems because of its excellent resistance to sulfur compounds and chloride ions encountered in most scrubbers. Alloy C-276 has excellent resistance to pitting, stress-corrosion cracking and to oxidizing atmospheres up to 1900℉ (1038℃). It is also one of the few materials that with stands the corrosive effects of wet chlorine gas, hypochlorite and chlorine dioxide.
Fabrication
  • HASTELLOY® alloy C-276 can be forged, hot-upset, and impact extruded. Although the alloy tends to work-harden, it can be successfully deep-drawn, spun, press formed or punched. All of the common methods of welding can be used to weld HASTELLOY® alloy C-276, although the oxy-acetylene and submerged arc processes are not recommended when the fabricated item is intended for use in corrosion service. Special precautions should be taken to avoid excessive heat input. Detailed fabricating information is available in the booklet, "Fabrication of CABOT™ Corrosion-Resistant Alloys". Ask for booklet H-2010.
Heat Treatment
  • Wrought forms of HASTELLOY® alloy C-276 are furnished in the solution heat treated condition unless otherwise specified. Alloy C-276 is normally solution heat treated at 2050℉ (1121℃) and rapid quenched. Parts which have been hot formed should be solution heat-treated prior to final fabrication or installation, if possible.
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
  • HASTELLOY® alloy C-276 plate, sheet, strip, bar, tubing and pipe are covered by ASME specifications SB-574, SB-575, SB-619, SB-622 and SB-626 under UNS number N10276.
ALLOY C-276 (UNS N10276) Strength Properties - Condition - PLATE
  • Average impact strength
  • U -Notch Impact Strength
Room Temperature -320℉ (-196℃)
Condition ft.-lb J J
Heat-treated at 2050℉
(1121℃) Rapid Quenched
263* 357 -
Aged 100 hrs. at: 500℉ (260℃) 500℉ (260℃)

1000℉ (538℃)
250

96
339

130
Aged 100 hrs. at: 100℉ (538℃) 1000℉ (538℃) 64 87
As-Welded: Weld (top)

Weld (bottom)

Heat-affected zone
88

86

160
119

117

217

*Five of six specimens did not break

ALLOY C-276 (UNS N10276) Tensile Properties - Form and Condition
  • Average tensile data
Form Condition Test Temp ℉ (℃) Ultimate Tensile
Strength Ksi
Yield Strength at
0.2% offset, Ksi
Elongation in 2 in.
(50.8 mm), percent
Sheet, 0.078 in (02.0mm) thick Heat-treated at 2050℉ (1121℃) Rapid Quenched Room

400 (204)

600 (316)

800 (427)
114.9 (792)

100.6 (694)

98.8 (681)

94.3 (650)
51.6 (356)

42.0 (290)

35.9 (248)

32.7 (225)
61

59

68

67
Sheet, 0.094 in.(2.4mm) thick Heat-treated at 2050℉ (1121℃) Rapid Quenched 400 (204)

600 (316)

800 (427)
101.0 (696)

97.6 (673)

93.5 (645)
39.9 (275)

33.5 (231)

29.7 (205)
58

64

64
Sheet, 0.063 to0.187 in. (1.6 to 4.7mm) thick Heat-treated at 2050℉ (1121℃) Rapid Quenched 400 (204)¹

600 (316)²

800 (427)²

1000 (538)²
100.8 (695)

97.0 (669)

95.0 (655)

88.9 (613)
42.1 (290)

37.7 (260)

34.8 (240)

33.8 (233)
56

64

65

60
Plate, 3/16" to 1 in. (4.8 to 25.4mm) thick Heat-treated at 2050℉ (1121℃) Rapid Quenched 400 (204)²

600 (316)²

800 (427)²

1000 (538)²
98.9 (682)

94.3 (650)

91.5 (631)

87.2 (601)
38.2 (263)

34.1 (235)

32.7 (225)

32.8 (226)
61

66

60

59
Plate, 1 in. (25.4mm) thick Heat-treated at 2050℉ (1121℃) Rapid Quenched Room

600 (316)²

800 (427)²
113.9 (785)

96.3 (664)

94.8 (654)
52.9 (365)

36.2 (250)

30.5 (210)
59

63

61
Sheet, 0.094 in (2.4mm) original (thickness Cold-Reduced

0 percent

10 percent

20 percent

30 percent

40 percent

50 percent
Room

Room

Room

Room

Room

Room

Room
116.9 (806)

129.7 (894)

148.1 (1021)

169.8 (1171)

193.8 (1336)

210.1 (1449)

116.9 (806)
63.0 (434)

92.2 (636)

129.1 (890)

157.1 (1083)

182.9 (1261)

195.4 (1347)

63.0 (434)
67

48

26

15

9

7

67

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